Light independent reactions
Light independent reactions do not need light or photons in order to operate. instead these reactions use the ATP provided by the light reactions so they can act independently of light.
The Calvin cycle
The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma. The cycle begins with carbon fixation. Carbon is attached to ribulose bisphosphate ,a five carbon suger, by ribisco. The now unsatble sugar breaks into two three carbon sugars or 3-phosphoglycerate. next the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions transform the 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde. now the ADP converts some of this glyceraldehyde back to ribulose bisphosphate the rest of the glyceraldehyde becomes glucose. Every carbon molecule that enters the cycle yields 2 glyceraldehyde or G3P. This cycle uses nine ATP and six NADPH which are converted to ADP and NADP when used. The ATP and NADPH will be regenerated by the light reactions.